WHY DID HE CALL
IT "THE CENTRAL BODY"?
A TERM USED ONLY
ONCE FOR EMPHASIS, YET ITS PURPOSE WOULD BE SHAMELESSLY IGNORED In July, 1947,
Shoghi Effendi prepared a statement for submission to the "United Nations
Special Palestine Committee" that was incorporated in a pamphlet under the
title of "The Faith of Baháulláh" and published by
the Baháí Publishing Committee of the United States. In
this statement Shoghi Effendi pointed out that "the foundations are now being
laid by the national and local councils . . . paving the way for the
constitution of the World Council to be designated as the Universal House of
Justice which in conjunction with me as its appointed Head and the authorized
interpreter of the Baháí teachings, must coordinate and
direct the affairs of the Baháí community." He further
pointed out that "The Administrative Order of the Faith of
Baháulláh" was "destined to evolve into the
Baháí World Commonwealth."
Some three year
were to elapse before Shoghi Effendi, at the beginning of 1951, considered
that, in the light of important developments that had since taken place in the
Holy Land, the time had come to begin the erection of the international
institutions of the Faith at the World Center of the Faith, according to the
provisions of the Will and Testament of Abdul-Bahá. The
first of these institutions that he established was the "World Council" that he
had mentioned in his letter to the United Nations three years earlier and which
he then designated in his proclamation to the Baháí world
as the "International Baháí Council" in its initial and
embryonic stage of development. Accordingly, on the 9th of January 1951 he
issued what would become the one and only Proclamation of his ministry (in
cablegram form) that opened with the words: "Proclaim to National Assemblies of
East and West weighty epoch-making decision of formation of the first
International Baháí Council, forerunner of the supreme
administrative institution destined to emerge in the fullness of time . . . "
and went on to say that significant developments including "the present
adequate maturity of nine vigorously functioning national administrative
institutions," (which would be its subordinate administrative bodies) had
combined to induce him, "to arrive at this historic decision marking the most
significant milestone in the evolution of the Administrative Order of the Faith
of Baháulláh" since the Ascension of
Abdul-Bahá [on 28 November 1921]. He pointed out that
"further functions" would be added to the initial functions (confined to the
Holy Land) that he had outlined for "this first embryonic International
Institution." Being an embryonic Institution and therefore a perfect and
complete Institution "from the first," as are all embryonic organisms according
to the writings of Abdul-Bahá (p.313, BWF), he projected the
gradual evolution of this "Nascent Institution" through four stages that would
culminate in its efflorescence as the Universal House of Justice, an
evolutionary development that would find its counterpart, in its second stage
of development, as an International Baháí Court, and as an
"essential prelude" to its final efflorescence, with the initial establishment
of six "national Baháí Courts" in "the chief cities of the
Islamic East," pursuant to the goals of the Ten Year Global Crusade.
Shoghi Effendi
further emphasized the momentous importance of this event in unprecedented
glowing terms, as he stated: "hail with a thankful and joyous heart at long
last the constitution of the International Council which history will acclaim
as the greatest event shedding lustre upon the second epoch of the Formative
Age of the Baháí Dispensation, potentially unsurpassed by
any enterprise undertaken since the inception of the Administrative Order of
the Faith on the morrow of Abdul-Bahá's Ascension, ranking
second only to the glorious immortal events associated with the Ministries of
the Three Central Figures of the Faith . . ."
Although Shoghi
Effendi, in his statement to the United Nations Committee, had stated that he
would be the Head of this World Council once it was formed, he did not assume
this headship himself, upon the appointment of the "International
Baháí Council," but instead decided, for a very important
reason that will be discussed below, to appoint a President of this
Councilthis embryonic Universal House of Justiceand, in so doing, use the
Council as the instrument through which he would appoint his successor "in his
own life-time" as required by the provisions of the Will and Testament of
Abdul-Bahá. As this President he appointed Mason Remey who
was not a young man as would have been anticipated, but, on the contrary, a
believer of advanced age, who had become a believer at the turn of the century,
had been greatly loved by Abdul-Bahá and repeatedly
eulogized by Him in His Tablets (published in The Star of the West) and whose
devoted, manifold and exemplary services for the Faith throughout the world
over a period of half a century, together with his significant architectural
contributions, that included the design of several Baháí
Temples (one yet to be built in Haifa at the express direction of
Abdul-Bahá and the other in Tíhran at the direction of
Shoghi Effendi) and the beautiful International Archives building in Haifa,
already constructed, have constituted an unique and magnificent record of
unparalleled service to the Faith, that remains unsurpassed by any other
believer in the Baháí world.
Because of this
unexpected and indirect way in which Shoghi Effendi had appointed his
successor, Shoghi Effendi would certainly have foreseen (and correctly so as it
turned out) that the believers would fail to perceive that he had designated
his successor in this manner. Nor would they then perceive that it was, for
this particular reason, that he would, of necessity, retain the International
Baháí Council as an inactively functioning administrative
body during the remaining few years before his passing, whose imminence he
foresaw and would actually soon predict in a message to the
Baháí world, but again, in such an indirect way, that this
dire prediction would remain unperceived by the Baháí
world, as he knew it would, how much more the momentous implications involved.
A lack of appreciation of the importance and significance of the International
Baháí Council would remain unrecognized, even though he
issued a message some four months following its formation, on 25 April 1951, in
which he again emphasized its importance in stating that: "The emergence of an
independent sovereign State in the Holy Land, synchronizing with the rise and
consolidation of the Administrative Center of the World Faith of
Baháulláh, of which the establishment of the
International Baháí Council and the construction of the
superstructure of the BábŒs Sepulchre constitute the initial major evidences. .
. "
Some eleven months
following the establishment of the International Baháí
Council, and significantly one month prior to his appointment of the first
contingent of twelve living Hands of the Cause, Shoghi Effendi addressed a
letter to the Baháí world, under date of 23 November 1951
in which he would refer to the International Baháí Council
as "The Central Body," an unfamiliar term not noted elsewhere in either his
prior or later writings or messages, the apparent reason for which will be
discussed in due course below. This letter also most importantly confirmed
the ominous prediction of his early passing, although again a prediction that
had been disguised in such a way that he knew it would remain unperceived by
the believers at the time. This letter was subsequently incorporated in a
pamphlet published in January 1952 by the National Spiritual Assembly of the
United States under the title of "World Order Unfolds."
Shoghi Effendi had
not yet completed the erection of the international institutions of the Faith
at the World Center. Therefore, on 24 December 1951, he appointed the first
contingent of twelve Hands of the Cause that, incidentally, included Mason
Remey. This contingent would be followed by his appointment of successive
contingents bringing the total to twenty-seven, with the final contingent
appointed in his last message to the Baháí world in October
1957, a month prior to his passing. It was in this last message that he
referred to the Hands of the Cause for the only time as "The Chief Stewards of
the embryonic World Commonwealth of Baháulláh," an
appellation that they would erroneously interpret following the passing of
Shoghi Effendi to confer upon them a primacy that was not theirs (inexcusably
oblivious of the fact that a steward is never captain of a ship).
The Institution of
the Hands had now been brought into existence as an embryonic Institution and
therefore a complete and an enduring organ of the Baháí
Administrative Order, destined to evolve as the Hands increasingly performed
the spiritual functions assigned to them by Abdul-Bahá in
His Will and Testament down through the ages to come. As future Hands could
only be appointed by future Guardians of the Faith, Shoghi Effendi had assured
the Baháí world, again in an indirect way, that both the
Institution of the Guardianship and the Hands would unquestionably continue to
exist as long as the World Commonwealth of Baháulláh
itself existed.
Unlike the
International Baháí Council that Shoghi Effendi would, of
necessity, retain as an inactive body under the Presidency of Mason Remey
during the remaining years of his ministry, although assigning important
individual tasks to some of its members from time to time, he, in sharp
contrast, assigned important and highly publicized tasks to the Hands of the
Cause, such as serving as his representative at the Intercontinental
Conferences that were held in the various continents of the world during the
launching of the Ten Year Global Crusade. Such assignments served to greatly
enhance their prestige and place them in the limelight to such an extent that,
inevitably, their activities, during this period of some seven years, until the
passing of Shoghi Effendi, would bring them into such prominence that the
Institution of the Hands would come to overshadow the actual primacy that
rightfully belonged to the International Baháí Council
this"Central Body"and as a result, the International Council would,
however unwittingly, not only be relegated, in the minds of the believers as a
whole, but in the minds of the Hands of the Cause as well, to a role and rank
in the Baháí Administrative Order subordinate to the
Institution of the Hands, with tragic results for the future of the Cause, as
events following the passing of Shoghi Effendi would undeniably attest.
No doubt Shoghi
Effendi foresaw the eventuality, and correctly so, that the primacy of the
International Baháí Council and its rightful rank and role
would be overlooked upon his passing for the reasons discussed above, and most
importantly the possibility that the Hands would, fail to recognize that, in
his appointment of Mason Remey as the President of the International
Baháí Council, he had appointed his successor who would
automatically succeed to the Guardianship upon his passing. On the other hand,
he had obviously considered it necessary to resort to this indirect manner of
appointing his successor to spare the believers the shock, incredulity and
consternation that would have otherwise ensued had he, in a more open
announcement, appointed Mason Remey as his successor, a believer of such age
that, in order for him to succeed Shoghi Effendi, it clearly meant that Shoghi
Effendi had clearly foreseen and predicted his own early demise. Furthermore,
had he openly announced the appointment of Mason Remey as his successor, the
terrible implication of his early death would have obviously been such an
incredible shock to the believers that it would have seriously and irreparably
impeded their response and future endeavors to achieve the goals of the Ten
Year Global Crusade scheduled to commence at Ridván 1953.
Shoghi Effendi had
yet to appoint the first contingent of the Hands of the Cause when he wrote his
letter of 23 November 1951 in which he referred to the International
Baháí Council as "the Central Body." He would have
realized that the future activities he had planned for the Hands of the Cause
would, by the time of his passing, place them in the position of great
prominence and prestige in the minds of the believers and who, by that time,
could overlook or ignore, as discussed earlier, the primacy of the
International Baháí Council in the Administrative Order. He
would have been concerned that the important assignments that he was planning
for the Hands of the Cause that he would be soon appointing would, as
previously discussed, place that Institution in the limelight to such an
extent that their rank within the Baháí Administrative
System would come to be regarded by the believers as supreme, whereas during
this same period, the International Baháí Council, would
have remained in an inactive and relative inconspicuous status. Therefore, as
he would be calling upon the Baháí world in a little over a
year to launch the Ten Year Global Crusade at Ridván 1953, and he foresaw that
his own ministry would be coming to an end sometime during that Crusade, it was
absolutely essential that the primacy, the role and station of the
International Council be fully understood by the believers and particularly the
Hands of the Cause that he would soon be appointing, as its formation held the
critical key to the recognition and acceptance of his successor.
As time went on,
Shoghi Effendi would have had reason to believe that he had been successful in
emphasizing the primacy of the International Baháí Council
in the minds of the believers and most importantly in the minds of the Hands of
the Cause that he would be appointing, despite the understandable concern that
he may have felt that this primacy would come to be overshadowed by the
Institution of the Hands, as discussed earlier, if he were to use the term
"Central Body" in reference to the International Council, a term incidentally
that he had never used before with reference to the institutions of the Faith.
For this term would indisputably insure the recognition of the primacy of the
International Council over the Hands of the Cause. Accordingly, in his letter
of 23 November 1951 he clearly outlined the future vital and active role of the
International Baháí Council during the course of the Ten
Year Global Crusade in the following words: ". . . the Master Plan designed by
Abdul-Bahá will embrace all the continents of the earth, and
will bring the Central Body directing these widely ramified operations into
direct contact with all the National Assemblies of the
Baháí world . . . "
He had already
clearly pointed out the fact in his Proclamation of 9 January 1951 that the
International Baháí Council was not a transitory or
temporary body but a "Nascent Institution" and would further emphasize this
fact in a message to the Baháí world on 30 June 1952, some
six months after he had appointed the first contingent of the Hands of the
Cause, in which he stated: "At the World center of the Faith, where, at long
last the machinery of its highest institutions has been erected and around
whose most holy shrines the supreme organs of its unfolding Order, are, in
their embryonic form, unfolding . . . " (emphasis added)
Notwithstanding the
facts outlined above, that undeniably prove that it was the unmistakable
intention of Shoghi Effendi that the International Baháí
Council, following his passing, and upon its emergence into active
administrative life with his successor presiding as its President and "sacred
head," should rightfully take over the affairs of the Faith, these facts were
blindly and incredulously ignored by the Hands of the Cause, who in place of
this "Central Body" that was unquestionably superior to their own, prevented
this body from exercising its rightful functions, usurped its authority and the
functions that had been projected by Shoghi Effendi, and shamelessly created a
body of nine Hands completely outside of the provisions of the Will and
Testament of Abdul-Bahá which they would name: "Chief
Stewards of the Baháí World Faith" and which they had the
unbelievable temerity to claim would exercise "all such functions, rights and
powers in succession to the Guardian of the Baháí Faith."
Thus was born the
greatest violation of the Covenant of Baháulláh in
the history of the Faith that endures to the present day, even though the Hands
of the Cause (with one notable exception) who were culpable of instigating this
violation and who, in turn, ignominiously led the vast majority of their
fellow-believers throughout the world astray from the Covenant have by now died
out. But their ignoble and shameless legacy has survived them in the equally
illegitimate sans-Guardian and therefore headless so-called Universal House of
Justice.
In the light of,
the initial faithless abandonment of the Guardianship by the Hands of the Cause
(with a single exception), and their obvious failure to follow the explicit
instructions of Shoghi Effendi with respect to the role of International
Baháí Council, following his passing, as well as the
continuing shameful repudiation of the major provisions of the Will and
Testament of Abdul-Bahá by the present-day, so-called
Universal House of Justice, little does this illegitimate body perceive the
enormity of its infamy and betrayal of Shoghi Effendi and realize that, as a
result, its ultimate downfall is ordained with certainty, whereas the victory
of the Covenant of Baháulláh and its sacred and
immortal "Child"the Will and Testament of
Abdul-Baháis definitely assured and destined, for
Shoghi Effendi, writing in the "Dispensation of
Baháulláh," has stated: "The bedrock on which this
Administrative Order is founded is God's immutable Purpose for mankind in this
day. The source from which it derives its inspiration is no one less than
Baháulláh Himself."
Joel Bray
Marangella
Guardian of the
Baháí Faith
Perth, Australia,
30 July 2006